This work identifies and systematically compares three different SEI interaction theories, and applies them to experimental degradation data from a commercial lithium-ion cell. It shows that SEI delamination without any cracking of the active particles, and SEI microcracking, where cycling only affects SEI growth during the cycle itself, are both unlikely candidates.

Cycling lithium-ion batteries causes capacity fade, but also changes the shape of the open-circuit voltage (OCV) curve, due to loss of active material (LAM) and loss of lithium inventory (LLI). To model this change, we recently proposed a novel empirical calendar aging model that is parameterized on component states of health (s) instead of capacity fade only.

In this publication we extend a state-of-the-art electrode open circuit potential model for blend electrodes and inhomogeneous lithiation. We introduce a bi-level optimization algorithm to estimate the open parameters of the electrode model using measurements conducted on the full-cell level with state-of-the-art testing equipment.

In this work we present a novel mechanistic calendar aging model for a commercial lithium-ion cell with NCA cathode and silicon-graphite anode. The mechanistic calendar aging model is a semi-empirical aging model that is parameterized on component states of health, instead of capacity.

Battery performance, lifetime and safety are highly dependent on temperature. With the recent high demand for power capabilities, heat management has become increasingly relevant.

Transmission losses in battery electric vehicles have compared to internal combustion engine powertrains a larger share in the total energy consumption and play therefore a major role. In this paper, three simulation models of the Institute of Automotive Engineering are presented.

Motivated by the question of why impedance variation is consistently reported to be higher than the variation of other parameters, we show that measuring inherent parameter variations caused by production tolerances is superimposed by effects of an imperfect measurement setup.

This work proposes a method to combine time-domain and frequency-domain measurement data for parameterization of RC elements by exploiting the full potential of the distribution of relaxation times (DRT).

Fast charging is a key differentiator for OEMs, but avoiding lithium plating remains a fundamental challenge in Li-ion battery system design. It can lead to capacity loss and severe safety risks. Our latest whitepaper explains how anode potential modeling can prevent lithium plating risks.

Lithium-Ion-Batteries are a key technology for green energy, mobility, and for this reason a key technology to mitigate climate change. However, batteries have a significant environmental impact. This impact is created along various steps in the lifecycle, e.g. during the extraction of raw materials or production. This white paper will explore the various stages of a battery's life cycle and how they contribute to its overall Global Warming Potential (GWP).

What kind of e-bus charging strategies exist and what is their impact on battery health and aging? This whitepaper provides these answers and shows how battery analytics can help operators make data-driven, informed decisions regarding the best charging strategies for their e-bus fleets.

Batteries are complex systems whose operation is determined by a variety of factors, making long term projections a challenge. However, it is possible to understand the future conduct of these systems by building models that mimic their behavior and leverage the computational power to perform the required calculations.

What is the potential impact of Battery Health Reports (BHR) on remarketing success of the battery electric vehicle (BEV)? Besides age and mileage, driver profile has a major impact on how long a battery lasts. In the absence of documentation of how a driver has treated the battery, residual value formation remains below its full potential.

Lithium-ion batteries play an essential role in the transition to renewable energies and in generating electricity from more reliable and sustainable technologies. NMC has been the widely used technology for the past years, but now LFP is increasing in popularity due to reasons such as cost and safety advantages. However, LFP comes with challenges, particularly regarding accurate state estimations.

Battery storage systems are an essential component of the energy sector. However, they are complex systems that require special attention. The primary goal of storage owners is to maximize the profit possible from the storage system without taking on additional risk. This is where battery analytics comes into play.

Battery analytics adoption in energy storage systems (ESS) is rapidly increasing. In this document, we provide ready-to-use text that can be assimilated into requests for proposals (RFPs), requests for information (RFIs), and other contracting instruments to reduce or eliminate any friction of battery analytics implementation.

‍Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are a powerhouse of potential - literally. But tapping into that potential isn’t just about installing the hardware. It’s about knowing what to track and why it matters. Whether you're just entering the BESS space or looking to refresh your operational strategy, our BESS KPIs Cheat Sheet is your essential guide. It breaks down the most important performance, safety, warranty, and financial metrics — so you can make informed decisions from day one.

In this infographic, TWAICE and ju:niz Energy take on the role of coaches, describing the key roles of the 11 most important players in cell balancing.

Lithium plating happens when lithium deposits as a metal on the anode instead of properly intercalating into the electrode material. This can lead to some serious safety issues.

State of Charge (SoC) is one of the most important state estimations for batteries. It describes how much charge is left in your battery, which can be used, for example, to provide grid services like frequency regulation or arbitrage.

Understanding the causes of BESS failures is crucial for enhancing prevention and mitigation strategies.

Understanding how to optimize BESS is essential for maximizing economic and operational benefits. Our infographic breaks down five practical steps.

Our infographic shows six reasons on why SoC estimations from the battery management system can be misleading.

Analog Devices Senior Director of Technology, Gina Aquilano, reveals her vision for the future of batteries' lifecycle and how software can enable a more sustainable battery supply chain.

This video shows the TWAICE Vision battery analytics conference presentation from Wasim Sarwar - Head of Research & Advanced Engineering at Rimac Automobili.

Software is the key for a battery-driven future. In February 2022, TWAICE hosted a conference on this topic. This video shows the presentation from Alexander Schabert - Senior Global Director at ViriCiti.

David Howey explains how data-driven models can help achieve efficient battery design.

Daniela Rittmeier explains how artificial intelligence and data-driven models can be used to achieve a sustainable battery lifecycle

Quentin Scrimshire analyzes the differences between ERCOT and U.K. grid availability rates

TWAICE founders Stephan Rohr and Michael Baumann explain how battery analytics software can contribute to sustainable development

Sophie Solchenbach shows that lithium plating is caused by electrolyte motion in one of their research cells.

Richard Mohr explains the importance of battery health in evaluating electric vehicle performance

Susan Babinec explains the U.S. Department of Energy's plan to accelerate the transition from laboratory to mass development

Lakshmi Srinivasan explains the causes of energy storage system failures and fires

Miguel Gfall explains how the data collected by the BESS can be used to ensure safe operation.

Thomas Raffeiner explains why batteries are the best environmentally friendly option for V2G flexibility

This kit helps BESS asset owners evaluate and negotiate Long-Term Service Agreements (LTSAs) that protect system performance and financial return. It includes a practical guide to contract clauses, a clause-by-clause checklist, and a scorecard to benchmark LTSA maturity. Learn how to avoid common pitfalls, align contracts with your operating goals, and use analytics to drive accountability over the full project lifecycle.

This guide introduces the most important Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in BESS operations, what they tell you, and how to use them in practice.

We asked over 80 professionals about their priorities and challenges when operating BESS. The result? Our BESS Pros Survey Report. Find out what's shaping BESS operations

This report is intended to address the failure mode analysis gap by developing a classification system that is practical for both technical and non-technical stakeholders.

TWAICE hosted a conference about the importance of software in a battery-driven future. Speakers from leading companies in the electric vehicle, energy and battery industries discussed its challenges. A conference report now highlights the main findings of the event.

This article walks you through some of the most common steps when considering the deployment and operation of a battery storage system, and shows you the power of data monitoring, smart algorithms, and simulations to maximize the economic return of battery energy storage systems throughout their lifetime across multiple revenue streams.

The TWAICE Vision Summit is a conference about the importance of software in a battery-powered future. Speakers from leading companies in the electric vehicle, energy and battery industries discussed its challenges. Our report highlights the main findings of the conference.